Cyber-physical interdependent restoration scheduling for active distribution network via ad hoc wireless communication

This paper proposes a post-disaster cyber-physical interdependent restoration scheduling (CPIRS) framework for active distribution networks (ADN) where the simultaneous damages on cyber and physical networks are considered. The ad hoc wireless device-to-device (D2D) communication is leveraged, for the first time, to establish cyber networks instantly after the disaster to support ADN restoration. The repair and operation crew dispatching, the remote-controlled network reconfiguration and the system operation with DERs can be effectively coordinated under the cyber-physical interactions. The uncertain outputs of renewable energy resources (RESs) are represented by budget-constrained polyhedral uncertainty sets. Through implementing linearization techniques on disjunctive expressions, a monolithic mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) based two-stage robust optimization model is formulated and subsequently solved by a customized column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm. Numerical results on the IEEE 123-node distribution system demonstrate the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed CPIRS method for ADN

The Influence of Social Comparison and Peer Group Size on Risky Decision-Making

This study explores the influence of different social reference points and different comparison group sizes on risky decision-making. Participants were presented with a scenario describing an exam, and presented with the opportunity of making a risky decision in the context of different information provided about the performance of their peers. We found that behavior was influenced, not only by comparison with peers, but also by the size of the comparison group. Specifically, the larger the reference group, the more polarized the behavior it prompted. In situations describing social loss, participants were led to make riskier decisions after comparing themselves against larger groups, while in situations describing social gain, they become more risk averse. These results indicate that decision making is influenced both by social comparison and the number of people making up the social reference group

Study on the Influence of Graphene Content Variation on the Microstructure Evolution and Properties of Laser Additive Manufacturing Nickel-Based/SiC Composite Cladding Layer on Aluminum Alloy Surface

A Ni25—10% SiC—X% graphene (mass fraction X = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5) composite cladding layer was prepared on a 6063 aluminum alloy substrate using laser cladding in order to enhance the comprehensive performance of the aircraft refueling interface. The effect of the graphene content on the organization and properties of nickel-based silicon carbide composite cladding layers was investigated by laser melting. The macroscopic morphology, microstructure, hardness, elemental changes, corrosion and wear resistance of the cladding layer were studied by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, a hardness tester, an X-ray diffractometer, an electrochemical workstation and an M-2000 frictional wear tester. The results indicated that the nickel-based clad layer without graphene incorporation had the worst forming, with a large number of pores and cracks in the cladding layer. Because graphene agglomerated easily, cracks were regenerated when the content of graphene was higher than 0.5%. The material phases of the cladding layer without graphene incorporation were mainly: Al3Ni2, Fe3Si and SiC. Due to the addition of graphene, the clad layer of specimen 2 was refined and a large number of hard phases, such as CrC and Cr23C6, were generated, which led to the increase in the hardness of the clad layer. When the content of graphene was further increased, the number of hard phases such as CrC and Cr23C6 produced in the cladding was relatively reduced due to the agglomeration of graphene, and the hardness of the cladding was reduced. As the impermeability of graphene reduces the diffusion of corrosive media to the substrate, the generation of hard-phase Al3Ni2 in the cladding layer makes the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer increase with the increase in graphene mass fraction. The result is that, when the content of graphene was 0.5%, the overall performance of the clad layer was the best, where its average hardness was increased by 40%, the average coefficient of friction was reduced by 12.7% and the wear rate was reduced by 60%

Patient-Completed Caprini Risk Score for Venous Thromboembolism Risk Assessment: Developed and Validated from 1,017 Medical and Surgical Patients

Background The Caprini Risk Score (CRS) is one of the most widely used risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism (VTE). A well-validated patient-completed CRS form may allow patients to self-report and simplify the evaluation by health care workers. Methods The Chinese version of the CRS was optimized for easy understanding in a pilot study. The amended CRS form was completed by prospectively recruited patients and blinded nurses. The agreement levels of the individual questions and the total scores of patient and nurse-completed forms were compared using the Kappa value. The total scores were used for risk stratification of patients. Correlation and differences between patient and nurse-completed forms were analyzed using the Spearman correlation and Bland–Altman method, respectively. Results We recruited 504 medical patients and 513 surgical patients, aged 52.7 ± 16.3 years, of which 443 (43.6%) were men, and 91.6% of the patients were educated beyond junior high school. The patients spent less time to complete the form compared with trained nurses. There was good question-to-question agreement between patient and nurse-completed CRS (k >0.6 for most questions, p < 0.0001). The total scores also showed good agreement (k = 0.6097, p < 0.0001), and enabled the classification of patients into different risk groups. The patient and nurse-derived scores were highly correlated (Spearman's r = 0.84), and without extreme values (p < 0.0001). Conclusion We have created and verified a Chinese version of the patient-completed CRS, which showed good agreement and correlation with nurse-completed CRS. CRS represents a suitable tool for VTE risk assessment of hospitalized patients in China

Additional file 2 of Genome-wide association analyses identified novel susceptibility loci for pulmonary embolism among Han Chinese population

Additional file 2: Table S1. Independent genome-wide significant lead SNPs associated with pulmonary embolism (PE) in the discovery stage and replication stage. Table S2. The allele frequency of identified loci in 1000Genomes. Table S3. Replication of associations for the known loci in our cohort. Table S4. Association results for genes that were significant in FUMA gene-based analysis. Table S5. Polygenic risk score variants. Table S6. Polygenic risk score (PRS) quantile and odds ratio (OR)

Additional file 1 of Genome-wide association analyses identified novel susceptibility loci for pulmonary embolism among Han Chinese population

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Regional association plot at genome-wide association study (GWAS) genome-wide significant loci. Fig. S2. Principal component analysis (PCA) plot of Han Chinese PE cohort. Fig. S3. FUMA Manhattan plot and QQ plot of genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis. Fig. S4. The transfection efficiency of cellular experiments for FABP2. Fig. S5. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of patients with different genotypes of rs1799883. Fig. S6. Forest plot for the association of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) with PE. Fig. S7. Ancestry-specific polygenic risk score (PRS) ROC plot. Fig. S8. Performance of different PRSVTE in the CURES testing set